Ostomy surgery is a surgical procedure that allows bodily waste (urine or feces) to pass through a surgically created opening in the abdominal wall called a stoma. The waste passes into a prosthetic device known as an “ostomy bag,” worn on the outside of the body over the stoma.
When a person undergoes ostomy surgery, one of the most common concerns is how to adapt their diet to this new reality. Whether it’s a colostomy, ileostomy, or urostomy, it's possible to maintain a balanced diet and enjoy food without complications.
During the first few days, the digestive system needs to adapt, so it's common for healthcare professionals to recommend:
- A liquid and soft diet.
- Introducing new foods gradually to assess tolerance.
- Maintaining good hydration to avoid constipation or dehydration.
Recommended Foods
As the body adapts (4-6 weeks post-surgery), it is recommended to start incorporating new foods such as:
- Protein sources: chicken, fish, eggs, and tofu.
- Easily digestible carbohydrates: rice, white bread, pasta, and potatoes.
- Cooked fruits and vegetables to aid digestion.
- Low-fat dairy products, according to individual tolerance.
Foods to Consume with Caution
The following foods can cause gas, blockages, or irritation:
- Legumes and raw vegetables can cause gas.
- Carbonated drinks and chewing gum can cause bloating.
- High-fiber fruits and seeds, such as nuts or corn, can be difficult to digest.
Maintain Good Hydration
It is important to pay close attention to hydration and maintain acidic urine to control bacterial growth, inhibit crystallization, and prevent possible infections. Therefore, it is recommended to:
- Supplement with products that contain ingredients that help maintain urine at an acidic pH.
- Drink 2 to 3 liters of water per day.
- Consume broths and electrolyte-containing beverages to replenish minerals.
Having a stoma does not mean giving up a varied and enjoyable diet. With patience, trial, and adjustments, you can enjoy a healthy diet that promotes your well-being.
References
- American Ostomy Association. "Diet Guide for People with an Ostomy." 2022.
- Spanish Society of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (SENPE). "Dietary Recommendations for Ostomy Patients." 2021.
- National Health Service (NHS). "Diet and nutrition for stoma patients." 2023.
